Consular Processing is the method by which individuals outside the United States apply for an immigrant visa (Green Card) at a U.S. embassy or consulate in their home country. It is an alternative to Adjustment of Status, which is for applicants already in the U.S.

The process begins after an approved immigrant petition (such as a family- or employment-based petition) and when a visa number becomes available. The National Visa Center (NVC) handles the case, collects necessary documents, and schedules an interview at the appropriate U.S. consulate. During the interview, the consular officer reviews the applicant’s eligibility and may approve the visa. Once issued, the individual can travel to the U.S. and become a lawful permanent resident upon entry.

Consular Processing is the standard path for those applying from abroad and is often faster than Adjustment of Status but requires the applicant to remain outside the U.S. until their visa is granted.