Deportation, also known as removal, is the legal process by which a non-citizen is ordered to leave the United States due to a violation of immigration laws. Common reasons for deportation include overstaying a visa, entering the country illegally, committing certain crimes, or violating the terms of legal status.

The process usually begins with a notice to appear in immigration court, where an immigration judge hears the case. Individuals have the right to legal representation (at their own expense) and may apply for relief from deportation, such as asylum, cancellation of removal, or adjustment of status, depending on their circumstances.

If ordered removed and no relief is granted, the individual must leave the U.S. and may face restrictions on reentry. Deportation can have serious consequences, including separation from family, loss of employment, and long-term bans from returning to the country.